1.License should be issued or given to authorized companies or individuals to cut down trees.

2. Decrees should be made to discourage deforestation.

3. Enlightenment programme should be carried out to enlighten the public about the effects of deforestation

4. Afforestation should be adopted to replace cut-down trees

5. Other sources of fuel should be used or adopted other than firewood. E.g. gas, kerosene etc.

The effects of deforestation can be seen in the following ways;

1. The nutrient of the soil is reduced
2. It also leads to soil erosion
3. The quality of the environment is being reduced
4. The rate of evaporation is being accelerated or increased
5. Since there is a reduction in the plant population in an area, the rate of transpiration will decelerate or reduce.

Deforestation which is one of the environmental problems can be caused in the following ways;

1. Deforestation can be caused when trees are used for timber
2. It is also caused when trees are cut down for firewood to cook
3. It is also caused when leaves of trees are used for feeding livestock
4. It is also caused when a forest is cleared for grazing purposes
5. It is cause as a result of a forest being subjected to excessive burning
6. It is caused when trees are cut down for cultivation of crops like stalking yams

Deforestation is one of the problems faced by man in his environment. It is one of the environmental problems (or hazards).

By a way of definition, deforestation is the indiscriminate felling of trees in an area.

The felling of trees is done in a deliberate way without replacing it when it has been fallen down. Deforestation exposes the soil to erosion that will lead to the wearing away of the top soil.

The effects of soil erosion are devastating and can lead to the loss of lives and properties as stated in the previous post. Through concerted effort by individuals and the government a lasting solution can be proffered or suggested to the effects or problems of soil erosion. The solutions are;

1. Afforestation should be encouraged
2. Enlightenment programme should be put in place to orientate or enlighten the public about the effects of soil erosion.
3. Controlled grazing should be encouraged to avoid over grazing by animals
4. Laws should be made or legislation should be put in place to discourage acts that accelerate soil erosion like deforestation.
5. Urban master plans can be used to check the rate of development in an area

The effects of soil erosion in an area are devastating. Soil erosion comes with its attendant problems. The effects of soil erosion include;

1. The top soil which is considered fertile is lost in the process of soil erosion
2. Farmlands are lost or reduced
3. Lives and properties are lost in the process
4. It can lead to flooding
5. Badland may be developed
6. It leads to water and land pollution.

The Removal of the top soil by wind is called wind erosion. Wind erosion carries out a blowing effect on the top soil it comes in contact with. It is confined to the desert and semi- arid areas of the world. The factors that increase the action of wind in the desert are:

1. High temperature
2. Low rainfall
3. High rate of evaporation
4. Absence of vegetation cover
5. Light soil
6. Activities of man etc.

 The Removal of the top soil by water is called water erosion. Water erosion carries out a washing effect on top soil it comes in contact with. Basically, we have four types of water erosion these are;

1. Sheet erosion
2. Gully erosion
3. Rill erosion
4. Splash erosion

Talking about the issue of erosion in Nigeria, the types of erosion that is predominant are;

1. Water erosion
2. Wind erosion

These two types of erosion above are capable of wearing away the top soil in an area. They are restricted or experienced in different environment. Water erosion for example is predominant or dominant in the humid region while wind erosion is confined to the desert and semi-arid areas of the world. These two types of erosion will be explained in the next post.

As pointed out in the last post on the meaning of soil erosion, that soil erosion is the process whereby the top part or layer or upper most part of the earth is being weared away by the agents of denudation. We are going to consider the causes of soil erosion in this post. The following are the causes of soil erosion;

1. Excessive rainfall
2. Over grazing
3. Bush burning
4. Construction and mining
5. Shifting cultivation
6. Deforestation